Ethiopian Coffee Market Dynamics: A Comparative Analysis Between the Ethiopian Commodities Exchange and Market Liberalization
Abstract Ethiopia’s coffee sector, a cornerstone of the nation’s economy and cultural identity, has undergone significant transformations in its market structure and regulatory framework. This study examines the impact of two major market reforms: the establishment of the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange (ECX) in 2008 and the subsequent market liberalization policies introduced in 2017. Using a […]
Nature-Based Solutions and Peace Transitions: The Role of Agricultural Development in Colombia’s Path to Political Stability
Abstract This study examines the role of nature-based solutions (NBS) in post-conflict peacebuilding, with a focus on Colombia’s transition following the 2016 peace accord between the government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). Using environmental security and peace economics frameworks, the research explores how sustainable agricultural development and rural reform contribute to economic […]
Land Conflicts and Resistance: The Social Impact of Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects
Abstract Large-scale solar energy projects are a cornerstone of global decarbonization efforts, yet they often generate significant social and political resistance. This study examines land conflicts arising from solar park development in India, Kenya, and Mexico, where large-scale installations have led to disputes over land rights, displacement, and environmental concerns. Using field interviews, land tenure […]
Stranded Assets, Stranded Workers: Labor Displacement and Conflict in Oil-Dependent Economies Under Decarbonization
Abstract As global efforts to phase out fossil fuels accelerate, oil-dependent economies face the dual challenge of managing stranded assets and displaced labor forces. This study investigates how declining fossil fuel revenues impact job markets, social stability, and conflict risk in transitioning economies. By examining case studies from Mexico, Angola, and Russia, the research explores […]
Climate Finance and Conflict Prevention: Can International Climate Funds Mitigate the Risk of Resource-Driven Violence?
Abstract Climate finance mechanisms are increasingly seen as tools for promoting stability in resource-rich but conflict-prone regions. This study explores whether international climate funds, such as the Green Climate Fund and Just Energy Transition Partnerships, can mitigate risks associated with land disputes, resource competition, and economic displacement. Through case studies of climate finance programs in […]
Just Transition or New Inequality? The Political Economy of Decarbonization in Oil-Dependent States
Abstract As nations decarbonize, oil-dependent economies face stark choices: diversify and adapt or risk economic collapse. This study examines whether current “just transition” frameworks sufficiently address the unique vulnerabilities of petro-states, particularly in the Global South. By analyzing policy responses in Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, and Venezuela, the paper evaluates whether economic restructuring efforts promote equitable […]
Conflict Spillover Effects of Renewable Energy Transition: Cross-Border Tensions and Security Implications
Abstract The shift toward renewable energy is reshaping global power dynamics, creating new security risks and intensifying cross-border conflicts. This study examines how disputes over water resources for hydropower, the cross-border trade of critical minerals, and geopolitical competition for clean energy technologies contribute to regional instability. Focusing on conflicts in the Mekong region, the Sahel, […]
Resource Nationalism in the Green Energy Transition: The Case of Critical Minerals in Fragile States
Abstract As demand for critical minerals surges to support the global transition to renewable energy, resource-rich but politically fragile states are asserting greater control over extraction and trade. This paper examines the rise of resource nationalism in countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo, Indonesia, and Bolivia, where governments are renegotiating contracts, imposing export […]
Decarbonization and Secessionism: The Risk of Political Fragmentation in Fossil Fuel-Rich Regions
Abstract The global decarbonization agenda poses significant risks to political stability in fossil fuel-dependent regions, where declining oil revenues threaten existing elite agreements and economic structures. This paper examines whether the loss of fossil fuel rents increases the likelihood of secessionist movements in resource-rich subnational regions, such as Alberta (Canada), Basra (Iraq), and Dagestan (Russia). […]
Comparing Political Stability in Countries with Strong vs. Weak Economic Diversification Strategies
Abstract As the global economy moves away from fossil fuels, petro-states face a critical inflection point: adapt through economic diversification or risk political instability. This study evaluates the role of diversification strategies in determining the political trajectories of major oil-dependent states, comparing cases such as Norway and the UAE (strong diversifiers) with Saudi Arabia and […]